{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 1. LC-3 Changes"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "1. Removed automatic %dump after assemble\n",
    "2. Removed GETC before prompt\n",
    "3. New Instructions"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 2. New Instructions"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "The 16th instruction (1101) has now been implemented, and in fact, can be changed to be one of a couple of different meanings. By default it is SHIFT. \n",
    "\n",
    "**NOTE**: you can only use one MODE when you assemble a program."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 2.1 SHIFT"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "```gas\n",
    "SHIFT SRC, SEXT-IMMEDIATE-BITS\n",
    "```"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "This is the default. SRC is a register to SHIFT, and SEXT-IMMEDIATE-BITS is the number (and direction) of bits to shift.\n",
    "\n",
    "Examples:\n",
    "\n",
    "```gas\n",
    "SHIFT R0, #1   ;; Shifts R0 1 bit to left\n",
    "SHIFT R1, #-2  ;; Shifts R1 2 bits to right\n",
    "```"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2.1.1 Shift Left"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Assembled! Use %dis or %dump to examine.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    ".ORIG x3000\n",
    "AND R0, R0, 0\n",
    "ADD R0, R0, 1\n",
    "SHIFT R0, 1\n",
    "HALT\n",
    ".END"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "============================================================\n",
      "Computation completed\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "Instructions: 4\n",
      "Cycles: 27 (0.000013 milliseconds)\n",
      "\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "Registers:\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "PC: x048E\n",
      "N: 0 Z: 0 P: 1 \n",
      "R0: x0002 R1: x0000 R2: x0000 R3: x0000 \n",
      "R4: x0000 R5: x0000 R6: x0000 R7: x3004 \n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%exe"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2.1.2 Shift Right"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Assembled! Use %dis or %dump to examine.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    ".ORIG x3000\n",
    "AND R0, R0, 0\n",
    "ADD R0, R0, 2\n",
    "SHIFT R0, -1\n",
    "HALT\n",
    ".END"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "============================================================\n",
      "Computation completed\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "Instructions: 4\n",
      "Cycles: 27 (0.000013 milliseconds)\n",
      "\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "Registers:\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "PC: x048E\n",
      "N: 0 Z: 0 P: 1 \n",
      "R0: x0001 R1: x0000 R2: x0000 R3: x0000 \n",
      "R4: x0000 R5: x0000 R6: x0000 R7: x3004 \n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%exe"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 2.2 TERMINAL"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Instead of SHIFT, the 16th instruction can also be interpreted to be a TERMINAL command. TERMINAL takes a register containing the address of a string representing a terminal screen, and a immediate-mode value indicating whether the screen should be cleared."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "General form:\n",
    "\n",
    "```\n",
    ".SET MODE TERMINAL\n",
    "TERMINAL SRC, IMMEDIATE-CLEAR\n",
    "```"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Examples:\n",
    "\n",
    "```gas\n",
    ".SET MODE TERMINAL\n",
    "TERMINAL R0, 1  ;; use string pointed to in R0 to print, clearing before hand\n",
    "TERMINAL R1, 0  ;; use string pointed to in R1 to print\n",
    "```"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2.2.1 PUTS"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "The old way:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Assembled! Use %dis or %dump to examine.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    ".ORIG x3000\n",
    "LEA R0, DATA\n",
    "PUTS\n",
    "HALT\n",
    "DATA: .STRINGZ \"Hello, World!\\n\"\n",
    ".END"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Hello, World!\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "Computation completed\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "Instructions: 167\n",
      "Cycles: 1382 (0.000691 milliseconds)\n",
      "\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "Registers:\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "PC: x048E\n",
      "N: 0 Z: 0 P: 1 \n",
      "R0: x3003 R1: x0000 R2: x0000 R3: x0000 \n",
      "R4: x0000 R5: x0000 R6: x0000 R7: x3003 \n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%exe"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2.2.2 TERMINAL"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Assembled! Use %dis or %dump to examine.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    ".ORIG x3000\n",
    ".SET MODE TERMINAL\n",
    "LEA R0, DATA\n",
    "TERMINAL R0, 0\n",
    "TERMINAL R0, 0\n",
    "HALT\n",
    "DATA: .STRINGZ \"Hello, World!\"\n",
    ".END"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<pre>Hello, World!</pre>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<pre>Hello, World!</pre>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "============================================================\n",
      "Computation completed\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "Instructions: 4\n",
      "Cycles: 37 (0.000018 milliseconds)\n",
      "\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "Registers:\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "PC: x048E\n",
      "N: 0 Z: 0 P: 1 \n",
      "R0: x3004 R1: x0000 R2: x0000 R3: x0000 \n",
      "R4: x0000 R5: x0000 R6: x0000 R7: x3004 \n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%exe"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Assembled! Use %dis or %dump to examine.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    ".ORIG x3000\n",
    ".SET MODE TERMINAL\n",
    "LEA R0, DATA\n",
    "TERMINAL R0, 0\n",
    "TERMINAL R0, 0\n",
    "TERMINAL R0, 1\n",
    "HALT\n",
    "DATA: .STRINGZ \"Hello, World!\"\n",
    ".END"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<pre>Hello, World!</pre>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "============================================================\n",
      "Computation completed\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "Instructions: 5\n",
      "Cycles: 48 (0.000024 milliseconds)\n",
      "\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "Registers:\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "PC: x048E\n",
      "N: 0 Z: 0 P: 1 \n",
      "R0: x3005 R1: x0000 R2: x0000 R3: x0000 \n",
      "R4: x0000 R5: x0000 R6: x0000 R7: x3005 \n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%exe"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    ".ORIG x3000\n",
    ".SET MODE TERMINAL\n",
    "LEA R0, DATA\n",
    "TERMINAL R0, 0\n",
    "TERMINAL R0, 0\n",
    "TERMINAL R0, 1\n",
    "HALT\n",
    "DATA: .STRINGZ \"Hello, World!\"\n",
    ".END"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Assembled! Use %dis or %dump to examine.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    ".ORIG x3000\n",
    ".SET MODE TERMINAL\n",
    "LEA R0, DATA\n",
    ";;TERMINAL R0, 0\n",
    "PUTS\n",
    "HALT\n",
    "DATA: .STRINGZ \"+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+\"  \n",
    ".END"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+\n",
      "|                                                                             |\n",
      "|                                                                             |\n",
      "|                                                                             |\n",
      "|                                                                             |\n",
      "|                                                                             |\n",
      "|                                                                             |\n",
      "|                                                                             |\n",
      "|                                                                             |\n",
      "|                                                                             |\n",
      "|                                                                             |\n",
      "|                                                                             |\n",
      "|                                                                             |\n",
      "|                                                                             |\n",
      "|                                                                             |\n",
      "|                                                                             |\n",
      "|                                                                             |\n",
      "+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+============================================================\n",
      "Computation completed\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "Instructions: 15842\n",
      "Cycles: 131057 (0.065529 milliseconds)\n",
      "\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "Registers:\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "PC: x048E\n",
      "N: 0 Z: 0 P: 1 \n",
      "R0: x3003 R1: x0000 R2: x0000 R3: x0000 \n",
      "R4: x0000 R5: x0000 R6: x0000 R7: x3003 \n",
      "Time: 1.1079833507537842 seconds.\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%time\n",
    "%exe"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Assembled! Use %dis or %dump to examine.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    ".ORIG x3000\n",
    ".SET MODE TERMINAL\n",
    "LEA R0, DATA\n",
    "TERMINAL R0, 0\n",
    ";;PUTS\n",
    "HALT\n",
    "DATA: .STRINGZ \"+-----------<b style='color: red'>------</b>------------------------------------------------------------+\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n|                                                                             |\\n+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+\"\n",
    ".END"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<pre>+-----------<b style='color: red'>------</b>------------------------------------------------------------+\n",
       "|                                                                             |\n",
       "|                                                                             |\n",
       "|                                                                             |\n",
       "|                                                                             |\n",
       "|                                                                             |\n",
       "|                                                                             |\n",
       "|                                                                             |\n",
       "|                                                                             |\n",
       "|                                                                             |\n",
       "|                                                                             |\n",
       "|                                                                             |\n",
       "|                                                                             |\n",
       "|                                                                             |\n",
       "|                                                                             |\n",
       "|                                                                             |\n",
       "|                                                                             |\n",
       "+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+</pre>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "============================================================\n",
      "Computation completed\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "Instructions: 3\n",
      "Cycles: 26 (0.000013 milliseconds)\n",
      "\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "Registers:\n",
      "============================================================\n",
      "PC: x048E\n",
      "N: 0 Z: 0 P: 1 \n",
      "R0: x3003 R1: x0000 R2: x0000 R3: x0000 \n",
      "R4: x0000 R5: x0000 R6: x0000 R7: x3003 \n",
      "Time: 0.020509004592895508 seconds.\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%time\n",
    "%exe"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
 "metadata": {
  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "Calysto LC3",
   "language": "gas",
   "name": "calysto_lc3"
  },
  "language_info": {
   "codemirror_mode": {
    "name": "gas",
    "version": 3
   },
   "file_extension": ".asm",
   "mimetype": "text/x-gas",
   "name": "gas"
  }
 },
 "nbformat": 4,
 "nbformat_minor": 0
}